Behavior of equivalent circulating density in extended-reach drilling with cuttings deposit bed

حفاری افقی با طول زیاد( Extended Reach Drilling)

The use and management of drilling fluids and cuttings

There are essentially three main categories of drilling fluids: oil based fluids (OBF’s), synthetic based fluids (SBF’s) and water based fluids (WBF’s). OBF’s have been traditionally been used for their high performance drilling characteristics but tend to have a poor environmental performance in terms of their ecotoxicity and their tendency to persist in cuttings piles on the seafloor. More re...

Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Insulator Contaminations Revealed by Daily Observations of Equivalent Salt Deposit Density

The accurate estimation of deposits adhering on insulators is of great significance to prevent pollution flashovers which cause huge costs worldwide. Researchers have developed sensors using different technologies to monitor insulator contamination on a fine time scale. However, there is lack of analysis of these data to reveal spatial and temporal characteristics of insulator contamination, an...

Equivalent roughness of gravel-bed rivers

The relation between the equivalent roughness and different grain size percentiles of the sediment in gravel-bed rivers was determined under the hypothesis that the vertical distribution of the flow velocity follows a logarithmic law. A set of 954 data points was selected from rivers with gravel size sediment or larger, with a non-sinuous alignment and free of vegetation or obstacles. According...

Equivalent Formulations of the Bunk Bed Conjecture

A bunk bed graph consists of two isomorphic graphs, called the upper and lower bunks, and some additional edges, called posts; each post connects a vertex in the upper bunk with the corresponding isomorphic vertex in the lower bunk. We assign a probability to each edge with each edge in the upper bunk assigned the same probability as the corresponding isomorphic edge in the lower bunk. The prob...